Cpanel for beginners

Features of CPanel

* Domain management
* Email management
* Site management
* Security management(can be used to block IP's)
* Statistics management
* Database management
* Reseller management


->>> We can install a set of predefined applications using Cpanel
->>> Mail Server used is Exim
->>> Webmail is a mail interface

3 Users in Cpanel
->>> Cpanel : domain owner(username is "root")
->>> Webhost manager : Server Admin & Reseller panel
->>> Webmail panel : webmail access panel

Webhost Manager (WHM)
->> Accessed via
http://:2086
https://:2087

Cpanel Access
->> Accessed via
http://:2082
https://:2083


Initial Setup

1) Change root password
2) Set disk quota
3) Set time
4) Statistics
5) Tweak settings -->>> Spam assassin

* PHP (max upload size) --> /usr/local/lib/php.ini

* Statistics Program (3 locations)
1) Statistical software configuration
2) Tweak settings -> stats. programs
3) Feature manager

* Update Preferences --> A cron job run @ 1 @ night (everyday)

* Network Setup
1) Change hostname
2) Nameserver IP's --> assign IP address
3) Resolver

* Securtiy Center
1) Apache mod_userdir Tweak --> temporary URL -->http:///~username/ -->
bandwidth usage shown as IP address & not in sitename
2) Fix insecure permissions --> check for files with insecure permissions.

* When we install Cpanel any required S/w's would be installed automatically.

* Service Monitoring
1) Run every 5 minutes
2) daemon name is chkscrvd. It monitors all services and if it finds any service down, it would
start it.

* Sending email failed (Issue)
1) check whether SMTP is working by
$ telnet 25
2) Some country specific issues(disallowing port 25) --> (Workaround) enable exim on
another port.
3) We could run exim on another port, say 26.


* Backup
(1) --> sda1 (home)
sda2 (backup)
(2) --> sda1 (/home/backup)
(3) --> server1 (home) -->> max 15 hours for restoring.
server2 (backup)

* Manager
1) Package
2) Feature
3) Theme

* Restore multiple backups
* System reboot
* Server status
* List suspended accounts
* Search accounts
* Showaccounts over quota
* Bandwidth usage -->> reset to 0 every month.
* Unsuspend bandwidth

* Email
1)incoming mail -->>new (directory)-->>after reading-->cur(directory)

* Counter application(Counts hits)
Fantastico -->> Application manager

* /etc/trueuserowners

* Cpanel Script
1) restartsrv
2) makecpphp --> built in php in cpanel
3) /usr/local/cpanel/bin/checkperlmodules -->(Install missing perl modules automatically)
4) /scripts/fixquota -->>(/etc/quota.conf) --> If quota exceed issue arrives
5) /scripts/updateuserdomains --> if domain entry is missing.
6) /scripts/easyapache --> add modules to apache(s/w used is EasyApache)
7) eximup --> apply exim update
8) buildeximconf --> builds exim from start.

*Cpanel User Home Directory
1) /home//.....

* BoxTrapper

* Authentication of mail account
1) /home/check/etc/check.com/passwd
2) /home//.htaccess

* crontab -l -u

* Theme --> modify account (/usr/local/cpanel/base/frontend/)


* Adding a Cpanel user
1) Home directory is created as /home/
2) Entry added to /etc/passwd
3) Entry added to /etc/localdomains
4) Entry added to /etc/userdomains
5) Entry added to /etc/trueuserdomains
6) Created /etc/valiases/
7) Created /etc/vfilters/
8) Added zone entry to /etc/named.conf
9) Created zone entry to /var/named
10) Added VirtualHost entry to /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
11) Created log files in /usr/local/apache/domlogs/
12) Created file in /etc/proftpd
13) Created an entry in /etc/proftpd/passwd.vhost
14) Created file in /var/cpanel/users/